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Exception handling is a crucial aspect of programming, allowing you to gracefully manage and respond to errors that may occur during the execution of a program. In Python, you can use the try-except block to identify and handle potential errors. Let's explore the basics of exception handling in Python. The try-except Block: 1. Trying Code Execution: The try block is used to place code that may potentially raise an error. Example: try: # Code that might cause an error number = int(input("Enter an integer: ")) result = 10 / number print(f"Result of division: {result}") except ZeroDivisionError: print("Error: Division by zero is not allowed.") except ValueError: print("Error: Input must be an integer.") except Exception as e: print(f"General Error: {e}") 2. Responding to Errors: If there is an error within the try block, execution will shift to the appropriate except block based on the type of error tha...

File handling is a crucial aspect of programming, allowing you to interact with external files to store and retrieve data. In Python, you can perform file operations using the built-in functions for reading and writing files. Let's explore the basics of file handling in Python. Reading Files: 1. Opening a File: Before reading a file, you need to open it using the open() function. The open() function takes two parameters: the file path and the mode (e.g., 'r' for reading). Example: file_path = 'example.txt' # Open file in read mode file = open(file_path, 'r') 2. Reading Content: Once the file is open, you can read its content using methods like read() , readline() , or readlines() . Example using read() : content = file.read() print(content) Example using readline() : line = file.readline() print(line) Example using readlines() : lines = file.readlines() for line in lines: print(line) 3. Closing the File: It's important to close the file after readi...